Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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We
know viruses are not alive because a. | they are not cellular. | c. | they cannot use energy. | b. | they cannot make
proteins. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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2.
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A
viral disease that causes painful swelling of a salivary gland is a. | mumps. | c. | polio. | b. | AIDS. | d. | measles. | | | | |
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3.
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Viruses are a. | photosynthetic. | c. | parasitic. | b. | chemosynthetic. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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4.
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A
typical virus consists of a. | a protein coat and a cytoplasm core. | b. | a carbohydrate
coat and a nucleic acid core. | c. | a protein coat and a nucleic acid
core. | d. | a polysaccharide coat and a nucleic acid
core. | | |
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5.
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Biologists now know that viruses a. | are the smallest organisms. | b. | consist of a
protein surrounded by a nucleic acid coat. | c. | contain RNA or DNA in a protein coat. | d. | all form the
same crystalline shape. | | |
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6.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Which structure represents RNA? a. | structure
B | c. | structure
D | b. | structure
C | d. | structure
E | | | | |
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7.
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A
membranous envelope surrounding some viruses may be composed of a. | lipids. | c. | glycoproteins. | b. | proteins. | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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8.
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The
capsid of a virus is the a. | protective outer coat. | c. | nucleus. | b. | cell
membrane. | d. | cell wall and
membrane complex. | | | | |
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9.
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All
viruses have a. | cytoplasm. | c. | mitochondria. | b. | ribosomes. | d. | None of the above | | | | |
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10.
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The
cycle of viral infection, replication, and cell destruction is called the a. | lysogenic
cycle. | c. | lytic
cycle. | b. | metabolic cycle. | d. | None of the above | | | | |
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11.
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A
pathogen is an agent that is a. | beneficial to humans. | c. | harmful to living organisms. | b. | harmful only to
plants. | d. | nearly
extinct. | | | | |
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12.
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It is
important to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in diagnosing a bacterial
infection because a. | Gram-negative
and Gram-positive bacteria differ in their response to different
antibiotics. | b. | Gram-positive bacteria never cause fatal
diseases. | c. | Gram-positive bacteria destroy antibiotics, preventing them
from working. | d. | Gram-positive bacteria do not respond to many
antibiotics. | | |
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13.
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The
chromosomes of bacteria a. | contain numerous types of organelles. | b. | are divided into
compartments. | c. | vary in number, depending on the species of
bacteria. | d. | contain a single circular piece of
DNA. | | |
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14.
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One
difference between the cells in a human body and bacterial cells is that bacterial cells
have a. | an outer cell
wall made up of lipids. | b. | an outer cell wall made up of polysaccharides and
proteins. | c. | no DNA. | d. | no
ribosomes. | | |
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15.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Which of the diagrams has a shape like the Bacillus bacterial
genus? a. | Organism
A | c. | Organism
C | b. | Organism
B | d. | None of the
above | | | | |
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16.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The shape represented by Organism A applies to the bacterial
genus a. | Streptococcus, which causes strep throat. | b. | Leptospira, which can cause urinary tract infections in
humans. | c. | Bacillus, which produces
antibiotics. | d. | Penicillium, which produces
penicillin. | | |
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17.
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Bacterial cells have a. | a cell wall only. | b. | a cell membrane
only. | c. | both a cell membrane and an outer cell
wall. | d. | a cell wall inside their cell
membrane. | | |
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18.
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Bacterial endospores a. | occur where there is plenty of available
food. | b. | allow certain species to survive harsh environmental
conditions. | c. | are similar to human tumors. | d. | can cause growth
abnormalities in plants. | | |
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19.
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Cell
organelles that Escherichia coli and other bacteria have in common with eukaryotes
are a. | chloroplasts. | c. | nuclei. | b. | mitochondria. | d. | ribosomes. | | | | |
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20.
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Bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli transfer pieces of genetic material in
a process called a. | binary
fission. | c. | conjugation. | b. | mitosis. | d. | sexual reproduction. | | | | |
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21.
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Bacteria that cause botulism may survive in canned food for a long time
because a. | the can was left
open. | b. | some cans may contain viruses that protect the
bacteria. | c. | the bacteria may form endospores. | d. | sterilized cans
do not have enough oxygen to harm the bacteria. | | |
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22.
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Antibiotics a. | include penicillin, tetracycline, and
streptomycin. | b. | may prevent bacteria from making new cell
walls. | c. | are effective treatments for bacterial
diseases. | d. | All of the above | | |
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23.
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Cholera is usually transmitted by a. | insects. | c. | contaminated water. | b. | sexual
contact. | d. | airborne water
droplets. | | | | |
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24.
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A
bacterial disease carried from rodents to humans by fleas is a. | tuberculosis. | c. | cholera. | b. | bubonic plague. | d. | Lyme disease. | | | | |
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25.
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Mining companies harvest copper or uranium by using a. | photosynthetic
bacteria. | c. | cyanobacteria. | b. | heterotrophic bacteria. | d. | chemoautotrophic bacteria. | | | | |
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