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Bio 6A/C - DNA Components and Changes/Mutations (Part I - Ch. 6 HOLT Biology)

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
The chromosome of a bacterium
a.
is wrapped around proteins.
b.
has a circular shape.
c.
occurs in multiple pairs within the cell.
d.
is found within the nucleus.
 

 2. 
In a bacterium, cell division takes place when
a.
its nucleus divides.
b.
the cell splits into two cells, one of which receives all of the DNA.
c.
the DNA is copied, a new cell wall forms between the DNA copies, and the cell splits into two cells.
d.
None of the above
 

 3. 
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for
a.
different traits.
c.
DNA.
b.
the same traits.
d.
cytosol.
 

 4. 
In humans, the male determines the sex of the child because males have
a.
two X chromosomes.
c.
two Y chromosomes.
b.
one X and one Y chromosome.
d.
46 chromosomes.
 

 5. 
diploid : somatic cell :: haploid :
a.
body cell
c.
gamete
b.
chromosome
d.
zygote
 

 6. 
If nondisjunction occurs,
a.
there will be too many gametes produced.
b.
no gametes will be produced.
c.
a gamete will receive too many or too few homologues of a chromosome.
d.
mitosis cannot take place.
 

 7. 
A mutation caused by a piece of DNA breaking away from its chromosome and becoming attached to a nonhomologous chromosome is called
a.
deletion.
c.
inversion.
b.
duplication.
d.
translocation.
 

 8. 
People with Down syndrome have
a.
45 chromosomes.
c.
47 chromosomes.
b.
46 chromosomes.
d.
no X chromosomes.
 

 9. 
A student can study a karyotype to learn about the
a.
cell cycle.
b.
genes that are present in a particular strand of DNA.
c.
medical history of an individual.
d.
number and structure of the chromosomes in a somatic cell.
 

 10. 
The synthesis (S) phase is characterized by
a.
DNA replication.
b.
cell division.
c.
replication of mitochondria and other organelles.
d.
the division of cytoplasm.
 

 11. 
cell growth : G1 ::
a.
mitosis : C
c.
mitochondria replication : S
b.
mitosis : meiosis
d.
DNA copying : S
 

 12. 
metaphase : prophase ::
a.
G1 : M
c.
M : C
b.
G2 : S
d.
autotroph : producer
 

 13. 
The cell cycle is monitored as each cell passes through
a.
cellular respiration.
c.
photosynthesis.
b.
checkpoints.
d.
homeostasis.
 

 14. 
In eukaryotes, the cell cycle is controlled by
a.
proteins.
c.
lipids.
b.
carbohydrates.
d.
fats.
 

 15. 
As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during cytokinesis
a.
receives a few chromosomes from the parent cell.
b.
receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the parent cell.
c.
donates a chromosome to the parent cell.
d.
receives exactly half the chromosomes from the parent cell.
 
 
bio6a_intvn03_files/i0170000.jpg
 

 16. 
Refer to the illustration above. Which of the following correctly indicates the order in which these events occur?
a.
A, B, C, D
c.
B, A, C, D
b.
C, B, A, D
d.
A, C, B, D
 

 17. 
Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
 

 18. 
5 steps: the cell cycle ::
a.
6 steps : prophase
c.
3 steps : meiosis
b.
9 steps : cytokinesis
d.
4 steps : mitosis
 

 19. 
In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs
a.
immediately after the chromosomes make exact copies of themselves.
b.
immediately after the spindle fibers are formed.
c.
as mitosis ends.
d.
when osmotic pressure is too low.
 

 20. 
Which of the following statements is true?
a.
Prokaryotes divide by mitosis.
b.
Eukaryotes have circular chromosomes.
c.
Animal cells form new cell walls when they divide.
d.
Plant cells and animal cells have different strategies for cytokinesis.
 



 
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