Bio 6A/C - DNA Components and Changes/Mutations (Part I - Ch. 6 HOLT Biology)
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
chromosome of a bacterium a. | is wrapped around proteins. | b. | has a circular
shape. | c. | occurs in multiple pairs within the
cell. | d. | is found within the nucleus. | | |
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2.
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The
chromosomes in your body a. | exist in 23 pairs in all cells but
gametes. | b. | each contain thousands of genes. | c. | form right
before cells divide. | d. | All of the above | | |
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3.
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When
a molecule of DNA is being used to direct a cell’s activities, a. | areas containing
specific active genes are extended. | b. | the areas of the molecule containing active genes become
shorter. | c. | the entire DNA molecule becomes tightly
coiled. | d. | the molecule becomes a rod-shaped structure with two
chromatids. | | |
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4.
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In
humans, the male determines the sex of the child because males have a. | two X
chromosomes. | c. | two Y
chromosomes. | b. | one X and one Y chromosome. | d. | 46 chromosomes. | | | | |
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5.
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The X
and Y chromosomes are called the a. | extra chromosomes. | c. | sex chromosomes. | b. | phenotypes. | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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6.
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The
diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. The number of chromosomes found in a human
ovum is
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7.
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diploid : somatic cell :: haploid : a. | body
cell | c. | gamete | b. | chromosome | d. | zygote | | | | |
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8.
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A
mutation caused by a piece of DNA breaking away from its chromosome and becoming attached to a
nonhomologous chromosome is called a. | deletion. | c. | inversion. | b. | duplication. | d. | translocation. | | | | |
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9.
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The
stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell’s life is
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10.
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Which
of the following shows the correct sequence of the cell cycle? a. | C ® M ® G1
® S ®
G2 | c. | G1
® S ® G2
® M ®
C | b. | S ® G1
® G2
® M ®
C | d. | None of the
above | | | | |
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11.
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The
synthesis (S) phase is characterized by a. | DNA replication. | b. | cell
division. | c. | replication of mitochondria and other
organelles. | d. | the division of cytoplasm. | | |
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12.
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metaphase : prophase :: a. | G1 : M | c. | M : C | b. | G2 :
S | d. | autotroph :
producer | | | | |
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13.
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At
the DNA synthesis (G2) checkpoint, DNA replication is checked by a. | receptor
proteins. | c. | repair
enzymes. | b. | electron transport chains. | d. | cell surface markers. | | | | |
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14.
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Normal cells become cancer cells when a. | regulation of
cell growth and division is lost. | b. | cells do not respond normally to control
mechanisms. | c. | cells continue to divide without passing through
G1. | d. | All of the
above | | |
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15.
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A
spindle fiber is a specialized form of a. | microtubule. | c. | cilium. | b. | flagellum. | d. | chromosome. | | | | |
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16.
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As a
result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during
cytokinesis a. | receives a few
chromosomes from the parent cell. | b. | receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the
parent cell. | c. | donates a chromosome to the parent
cell. | d. | receives exactly half the chromosomes from the parent
cell. | | |
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17.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in a. | metaphase. | c. | anaphase. | b. | telophase. | d. | prophase. | | | | |
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18.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in a. | metaphase. | c. | anaphase. | b. | telophase. | d. | prophase. | | | | |
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19.
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Refer
to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide?
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20.
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In
plant cells, cytokinesis occurs a. | immediately after the chromosomes make exact copies of
themselves. | b. | immediately after the spindle fibers are
formed. | c. | as mitosis ends. | d. | when osmotic
pressure is too low. | | |
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