Bio 6D - Compare genetic variations in plants and animal (HOLT Ch. 8)
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
difference between Mendel's experiments in the area of heredity and those done by earlier researchers
was that a. | earlier
researchers did not have microscopes. | b. | earlier researchers used detailed and numerical
procedures. | c. | Mendel expressed the results of his experiments in terms of
numbers. | d. | Mendel used pea plants with both purple and white
flowers. | | |
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2.
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The
“father” of genetics was a. | A. Knight | c. | Gregor Mendel. | b. | Hans
Krebs. | d. | None of the
above | | | | |
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3.
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Step
1 of Mendel's garden pea experiment, allowing each variety of garden pea to self-pollinate for
several generations, produced the a. | F1 generation. | c. | P generation. | b. | F2
generation. | d. | P1
generation. | | | | |
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4.
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Mendel's law of segregation states that a. | pairs of alleles
are dependent on one another when separation occurs during gamete
formation. | b. | pairs of alleles separate independently of one another after
gamete formation. | c. | each pair of alleles remains together when gametes are
formed. | d. | the two alleles for a trait separate when gametes are
formed. | | |
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5.
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Garden peas a. | are difficult to grow. | b. | mature
quickly. | c. | produce few offspring. | d. | are not good
subjects for studying heredity. | | |
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6.
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A
genetic trait that appears in every generation of offspring is called a. | dominant. | c. | recessive. | b. | phenotypic. | d. | superior. | | | | |
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7.
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An
individual heterozygous for a trait and an individual homozygous recessive for the trait are crossed
and produce many offspring that are a. | all the same genotype. | c. | of three different phenotypes. | b. | of two different
phenotypes. | d. | all the same
phenotype. | | | | |
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8.
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homozygous : heterozygous :: a. | heterozygous : Bb | c. | probability : predicting chances | b. | dominant :
recessive | d. | factor :
gene | | | | |
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9.
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Mendel's finding that the inheritance of one trait had no effect on the inheritance of
another became known as the a. | law of dominance. | c. | law of separate convenience. | b. | law of universal
inheritance. | d. | law of
independent assortment. | | | | |
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10.
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A 3:1
ratio of tall to short pea plants appearing in the F2 generation lends support to the law
of a. | recessiveness. | c. | mutation. | b. | segregation. | d. | crossing-over. | | | | |
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11.
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The
law of segregation states that a. | alleles of a gene separate from each other during
meiosis. | b. | different alleles of a gene can never be found in the same
organism. | c. | each gene of an organism ends up in a different
gamete. | d. | each gene is found on a different molecule of
DNA. | | |
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In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f).
The inheritance of these traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown
below.
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12.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The parents shown in the Punnett square could have children with a
phenotype ratio of a. | 1:2:1. | c. | 3:1. | b. | 4:0. | d. | 2:2. | | | | |
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13.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Which box in the Punnett square represents a child who does not
have freckles? a. | box
1 | c. | box
3 | b. | box
2 | d. | box
4 | | | | |
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14.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The child in box 3 of the Punnett square has the genotype a. | FF. | c. | ff. | b. | Ff. | d. | None of the above | | | | |
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In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to brown fur (b).
Consider the following cross between two rabbits.
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15.
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Refer
to the illustration above. The device shown, which is used to determine the probable outcome of
genetic crosses, is called a a. | Mendelian box. | c. | genetic graph. | b. | Punnett
square. | d. | phenotypic
paradox. | | | | |
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16.
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Refer
to the illustration above. Both of the parents in the cross are a. | black. | c. | homozygous
dominant. | b. | brown. | d. | homozygous recessive. | | | | |
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17.
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What
is the probability that the offspring of a homozygous dominant individual and a homozygous recessive
individual will exhibit the dominant phenotype?
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18.
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A
trait that occurs in 450 individuals out of a total of 1,800 individuals occurs with a probability
of a. | 0.04 | c. | 0.50. | b. | 0.25. | d. | 0.75. | | | | |
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19.
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If a
characteristic is sex-linked, it a. | occurs most commonly in males. | c. | can never occur in females. | b. | occurs only in
females. | d. | is always
fatal. | | | | |
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20.
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How
many different phenotypes can be produced by a pair of codominant alleles?
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21.
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Which
of the following traits is controlled by multiple alleles in humans? a. | sickle cell
anemia | c. | hemophilia | b. | blood type | d. | Huntington's disease | | | | |
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22.
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What
would be the blood type of a person who inherited an A allele from one parent and an O
allele from the other? a. | type A | c. | type AB | b. | type
B | d. | type
O | | | | |
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23.
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A
change in a gene due to damage or being copied incorrectly is called a. | evolution. | c. | segregation. | b. | meiosis. | d. | a mutation. | | | | |
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24.
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Both
sickle-cell anemia and hemophilia a. | are caused by genes coding for defective
protein. | b. | are seen in homozygous dominant
individuals. | c. | provide resistance to malaria
infections. | d. | are extremely common throughout the
world. | | |
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25.
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Which
of the following is an example of gene technology? a. | A genetic
counselor studies a pedigree. | b. | A student studies the colors of flowers in pea
plants. | c. | A geneticist explains the inheritance of albinism using a
Punnett square. | d. | A physician transfers a normal gene into the DNA of a person
with a genetic disease. | | |
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