Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In a
solution, the substance that is being dissolved is the ____. a. | gas | c. | solute | b. | liquid | d. | solvent | | | | |
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2.
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The oceans
are an example of a(n) ____ solution. a. | alloy | c. | liquid | b. | gaseous | d. | solid | | | | |
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3.
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A solution
that contains all of the solute it can hold at a given temperature is ____. a. | diluted | c. | supersaturated | b. | saturated | d. | unsaturated | | | | |
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4.
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The process
by which the positive and negative ions of a crystalline solid separate in water is called
____. a. | dissociation | c. | solution | b. | ionization | d. | saturation | | | | |
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5.
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Increasing
the surface area of a solid ____. a. | causes the solid to ionize | c. | slows the rate of solution | b. | has no effect on the
rate of solution | d. | speeds the rate of
solution | | | | |
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6.
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When a gas
is dissolved in a liquid, the gas dissolves faster if the liquid is ____. a. | cooled | c. | heated | b. | an electrolyte | d. | under low pressure | | | | |
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7.
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The
concentration of solution that contains a large amount of solute in the solvent could be described as
____. a. | concentrated | c. | polar | b. | diluted | d. | unsaturated | | | | |
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8.
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An alloy is
an example of a ____ solution. a. | dilute | c. | liquid | b. | gaseous | d. | solid | | | | |
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9.
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Adding more
solute to a solvent ____. a. | decreases its boiling point | c. | increases its boiling point | b. | does not affect its
boiling point | d. | increases its freezing
point | | | | |
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10.
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The amount
of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its
____. a. | concentration | c. | dilution | b. | density | d. | solubility | | | | |
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11.
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Which of the
following will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water? a. | Cool the
solution. | c. | Grind up the
solvent. | b. | Freeze the solute. | d. | Stir the solution. | | | | |
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12.
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In a
titration, the ____ is the solution for which the concentration is known. a. | indicator | c. | normal
solution | b. | hydrate | d. | standard solution | | | | |
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13.
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H3O+ units are also known as ____. a. | hydrogen
ions | c. | hydroxide
ions | b. | hydronium
ions | d. | hydroxyl
groups | | | | |
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14.
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A process
that uses a solution of known concentration to find the concentration of another solution is called
____. a. | hydration | c. | ionization | b. | neutralization | d. | titration | | | | |
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15.
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____
measures how acidic or basic a substance is. a. | An ester | c. | pH | b. | A base | d. | The hydronium ion | | | | |
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16.
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A(n) ____
comes from an alcohol that is not a base but has a hydroxyl group. a. | ester | c. | salt | b. | glycerin | d. | soap | | | | |
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17.
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A bitter
taste and a slippery feel are clues that a solution is probably a(n) ____. a. | acid | c. | hydrate | b. | base | d. | salt | | | | |
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18.
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The formula
HCl stands for ____. a. | the hydronium ion | c. | hydrogen peroxide | b. | hydrochloric
acid | d. | sodium
hydroxide | | | | |
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19.
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____ of a
solution refers to the ease with which an acid or base forms ions in solution. a. | Acidity | c. | pH | b. | Concentration | d. | Strength | | | | |
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20.
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In a
chemical equation, a single arrow that points at the ions that are formed indicates a ____ acid or
base. a. | strong | c. | neutral | b. | weak | d. | concentrated | | | | |
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21.
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Polyesters
are fibers made of ____. a. | glycerin | c. | many esters | b. | two esters | d. | organic salts | | | | |
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22.
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The main
advantage of detergents over soaps is that ____. a. | detergents can be used in hard water | b. | detergents can cause
excessive foam in pipes and water treatment plants | c. | detergents are organic
salts | d. | soaps are organic salts | | |
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23.
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Figure 25-1
shows ____. a. | neutralization of an
acid | c. | ionization of an
acid | b. | neutralization of a
base | d. | ionization of a
base | | | | |
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24.
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Metal ions
in water can react with soap to form ____. a. | acid-base indicators | c. | salts | b. | detergents | d. | soap scum | | | | |
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25.
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To
neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain ____. a. | bases | c. | hydronium
ions | b. | H+
ions | d. | phenolphthalein | | | | |
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