Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The oceans
are an example of a(n) ____ solution. a. | alloy | c. | liquid | b. | gaseous | d. | solid | | | | |
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2.
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Increasing
the surface area of a solid ____. a. | causes the solid to ionize | c. | slows the rate of solution | b. | has no effect on the
rate of solution | d. | speeds the rate of
solution | | | | |
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3.
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An alloy is
an example of a ____ solution. a. | dilute | c. | liquid | b. | gaseous | d. | solid | | | | |
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4.
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A molecule
that is positively charged on one end and negatively charged on the other end is
____. a. | a
hydrocarbon | c. | polar | b. | nonpolar | d. | radioactive | | | | |
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5.
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The amount
of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its
____. a. | concentration | c. | dilution | b. | density | d. | solubility | | | | |
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6.
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Which of the
following combinations would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid? a. | Decrease the pressure
and decrease the temperature. | b. | Decrease the pressure and increase the
temperature. | c. | Increase the pressure and decrease the
temperature. | d. | Increase the pressure and increase the
temperature. | | |
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7.
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Which of the
following will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water? a. | Cool the
solution. | c. | Grind up the
solvent. | b. | Freeze the solute. | d. | Stir the solution. | | | | |
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8.
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In a
titration, the ____ is the point at which the indicator changes color and stays that
way. a. | acid
point | c. | pH
point | b. | endpoint | d. | standard point | | | | |
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9.
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H3O+ units are also known as ____. a. | hydrogen
ions | c. | hydroxide
ions | b. | hydronium
ions | d. | hydroxyl
groups | | | | |
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10.
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A process
that uses a solution of known concentration to find the concentration of another solution is called
____. a. | hydration | c. | ionization | b. | neutralization | d. | titration | | | | |
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11.
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A(n) ____ is
a substance that produces H+ ions in a water solution. a. | acid | c. | salt | b. | base | d. | alcohol | | | | |
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12.
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____
measures how acidic or basic a substance is. a. | An ester | c. | pH | b. | A base | d. | The hydronium ion | | | | |
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13.
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____ change
color in the presence of an acid or a base. a. | Acids | c. | Buffers | b. | Glycerins | d. | Indicators | | | | |
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14.
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A ____ is a
compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a
base. a. | detergent | c. | salt | b. | glycerin | d. | soap | | | | |
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15.
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A(n) ____
comes from an alcohol that is not a base but has a hydroxyl group. a. | ester | c. | salt | b. | glycerin | d. | soap | | | | |
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16.
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A bitter
taste and a slippery feel are clues that a solution is probably a(n) ____. a. | acid | c. | hydrate | b. | base | d. | salt | | | | |
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17.
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Ammonia is a
weak base because it produces ____ ions in solution. a. | strong | c. | only a
few | b. | weak | d. | many | | | | |
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18.
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A base that
only partly ionizes in a solution is a ____ base. a. | concentrated | c. | strong | b. | dilute | d. | weak | | | | |
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19.
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Polyesters
are fibers made of ____. a. | glycerin | c. | many esters | b. | two esters | d. | organic salts | | | | |
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20.
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The main
advantage of detergents over soaps is that ____. a. | detergents can be used in hard water | b. | detergents can cause
excessive foam in pipes and water treatment plants | c. | detergents are organic
salts | d. | soaps are organic salts | | |
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21.
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Figure 25-1
shows ____. a. | neutralization of an
acid | c. | ionization of an
acid | b. | neutralization of a
base | d. | ionization of a
base | | | | |
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22.
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Coffee has a
pH of about 5. Coffee is ____. a. | extremely acidic | c. | somewhat acidic | b. | extremely
basic | d. | somewhat
basic | | | | |
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23.
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Blood
contains compounds called ____ that allow small amounts of acids or bases to be absorbed without
harmful effects. a. | esters | c. | enzymes | b. | buffers | d. | precipitates | | | | |
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24.
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Metal ions
in water can react with soap to form ____. a. | acid-base indicators | c. | salts | b. | detergents | d. | soap scum | | | | |
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25.
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To
neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain ____. a. | bases | c. | hydronium
ions | b. | H+
ions | d. | phenolphthalein | | | | |
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